写好中考英语作文的五个步骤
沈莉莉
书面表达是对学生在初中阶段英语学习的综合考查，涉及篇章结构、句子构成、短语使用和单词拼写等多方面内容。我们在辅导学生作文时应注意以下五个步骤：
一、认真审题，确定时态人称，同时关注题材格式
时态：故事性文章一般用过去时，其中表达感受时可用现在时。
说明性或议论性文章一般用现在时，举例时可用过去时。
根据题目要求也会出现时态的交错使用，如过去和现在的对比等。
如果句中出现了时间状语，时态则要遵循时间状语。
如ago，last…——过去时
next，in…——将来时等
人称：注意在句子中人称的统一。
例如：Thanks to the teachers, we have improved our English.
其中we和our就是人称的统一。As a good student, we must…
格式：注意书信格式的开头和结尾。
二、找全信息点，紧扣主题，突出重点
切忌只看表格中或所列1、2、3中的信息点。一定把题读全，找齐信息点，建议用铅笔标出，写完后再涂掉。
根据题目，可适当增加合理内容。
特别注意文章要有开头和结尾。
三、成文时表述正确，文字流畅
切忌与汉语提示的一一对应，使用所学表达方法将语义表达出来即可。
首先考虑句子结构(如主谓宾，主系表等)。
同时注意短语的正确使用和单词的拼写，最好使用课本上学过的短语和句式。写好简单句，慎用长句
考生要根据所列要点，运用相应的提示词及正确的动词形式在稿纸上写出简单句。考生应熟悉简单句的五种基本句型，尽量使用简单句。在简单句的基础上，根据各句之间的关系适当加上一些连词，使得整篇文章结构紧凑，行文流畅。套用句型，能显示考生的英语基础扎实，提高作文档次。慎用长句是因为其成分多，结构复杂，所以出错的机会也多。考生在没有十足的把握时最好少用或不用长句，以免给自己的作文带来不必要的损失
四、文章结构清晰，重点句型出彩，可使文章在得分上提高一个档次
考虑文章的篇章结构，使用适当的连接短语，使文章结构紧凑。
常用连接词：
1.表文章结构顺序：First of all，Firstly/First，Secondly/Second…
And then，Finally，In the end，At last
2.表并列补充关系的：What is more，Besides，Moreover，Furthermore，Inaddition, what’s worse
3.表转折对比关系的：However，On the contrary，but
Although+clause( 从句)，In spite of+n/doing
On the one hand…
On the other hand…
Some…，while others…
4.表因果关系的：Because，As
So，Thus，Therefore，As a result
5.表换一种方式表达：In other words
6.表进行举例说明：For example，句子;For instance，句子;such as+n/doing
7.表陈述事实：In fact,
8.表达自己观点：As far as I know，In my opinion, according to ,based on my persional experience
9.表总结：In short，In a word，In conclusion，In summary
文中正确使用两三个好的句型，如：宾语从句、状语从句、动名词做主语等。
宾语从句举例：
I believe Tianjin will be more beautifuland modern.
状语从句举例：
If everyone does something for the environment, our hometown will become clean and beautiful.
动名词做主语举例：
Reading books in the sun is bad for our eyes.
It’s bad for our eyes to read books in the sun.
常用状语从句句型：
1)时间when，not…until，as soon as
2)目的so that+clause;to do( 为了)
3)结果so…that+clause，too…to do(太……以至于……)
4)条件if，unless(除非)，as long as(只要)
5)让步though，although，even though，even if
no matter what/when/where/who/which/how
6)比较as…as…，not so…as…，than
五、认真检查，检查信息点是否全面，时态、人称是否一致，句子结构是否清晰，短语使用、单词拼写是否准确等。
检查后，将草稿誊写在纸上，请注意按结构分段，书写清晰。
下面列举一些在检查中可发现的错误：
1.We live more and more comfortable.
改正：comfortably(副词修饰动词)
2.we can get many informations by reading newspapers.
改正：much information(不可数名词由much修饰)
3.There has many programs in TV.
改正：There are many programs on TV.(There be句型和介词短语)
There are many people played football.
There is a thing happened last week.
4.I think ride a bike can keep our health.
改正：I think riding a bike can keep us healthy.(动名词作主语)
More stronger we will happy.
建议大家要求学生练习或模仿不同题材的文章，特别注意改错总结和吸取范文中好的结构与表达方法，适当运用于自己的文章中。
范文：
18以上
How to protect myself
It’s generally assumed that protecting oneself is a must for teenagers. Danger is far more than accidents in sight. When I’m online, for example, there is hidden danger, too. To prevent myself from cheating, I never give my personal information---even not to the net-pals I’ve known well. And if necessary, I change my passwords regularly. What if a net-pal ask me out? I’ll turn to my parents for help and meet the net-pal with them. In some senses, trusting others is not suggested, especially strangers. So all in all, it’s never too much to be careful and that’s the key of protecting myself.
（104 words）
A-类
How to protect myself
Protecting ourselves is an important skill. I know much about it. For example, when there is a fire alarm, the first thing I will do is to calm down. And I won’t be hesitate to ask somebody for help. I’ll call 119 or 120 by phone as soon as possible. I’ll also try escaping from the fire instead of waiting for death. But I’ll not use the lift. A piece of wet cloth may protect me from the danderous smoke. Finally, remember all the exits it’ll help you escape more easily. Protecting ourselves seems useless now. But it may save your life in danger.
（104 words）
B类15以上
How to protect myself
One day evening, It’s raining cats and dogs. I was on my way home. I walked alone. At that time, I found a man walked carefully behind me. I stoppedd , and he also stopped . so, I knew I was in danger, and he was a bad man. I worked and thought. I should calm down, and I should ask policemen for help. I was thought a lot of ways to take him to met policemen. In the end, I was win. “God helps who help themselves.”
C类 12以上
How to protect myself
In the daily life have many terrible. So we will protect ourselves. For example, if you have a robbery you will ask policemen for help or run quickly. Secondly if you have a equartment you can down with the desk, and run fast with playground. Don’t wait in the room or jump out the window. Finally, you will down in the water, you can say help help. Keep you safe.
70 words
D类12以下
How to protect myself
In my calm down is very dejures, friend and I in the park play, but have some car and bus. We are dejres, but we ask some stru for help we prevent the car from to protect myself. How to protect myself we can calm down. We can paly in my home, we are very happy.
56 words
